110學測

1. Street pigeons are a common sight in many European cities. In fact, a visit to a major European city just would not be the same without encountering them: bathing in fountains, perching on historic buildings, and flocking in public squares. In Barcelona, however, the birds are now threatening to take over the city’s historic center, pooping on monuments, buildings, and even tourists.

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  2. The city council originally proposed reducing the pigeon population by gathering the birds and shooting them. But that idea led to strong protests from numerous animal rights groups. After heated debates and discussions, the government was finally persuaded to consider another similarly effective method: giving the pigeons birth control.

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1. In 2016, the city council decided to put its 85,000 pigeon population on a birth control pill to block the formation of eggs in birds. Starting from April 2017, the pills were placed in 40 bird feeders installed throughout the city. It was predicted that there would be a decrease of 20 percent in the pigeon population in the first year and between 70 and 80 percent in four or five years.

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26-30

Glaciers are usually associated with colder climates. But some mountain ranges of South America, Africa, and Indonesia are also home to glaciers and ice sheets. These tropical glaciers serve as a major source of water supply to one-sixth of the world’s population.

A newly published study, however, revealed that rising temperatures are posing an immediate ****threat to the last tropical glaciers in Indonesia’s Papua region. The ice sheets, which once spanned 20 square kilometers, are thinning **over** **five times as quickly** compared to a few years ago. Having **already shrunk by 85% to a mere 0.5 square kilometers, Papua’s glaciers will completely disappear within a decade, researchers have predicted.**